目的 了解间充质干细胞(MSC)分化为内皮细胞的可能的调控机制，以促进其在未来临床实践中的应用?研究目标是脐带来源的间充质干细胞分化成内皮细胞的可行性，以及探索miRNAs在其分化过程中如何发挥调控作用?方法 从脐带的华氏胶组织中分离出间充质干细胞，并使用分化试剂盒分化成内皮细胞?流式细胞仪用于鉴定内皮细胞的分化标记?利用Westernblot和实时PCR(RT-PCR)检测内皮细胞标志物的蛋白质和mRNA表达?使用生物信息学预测调控CD31或vonWillebrand(vWF)因子的miRNAs?在MS“,”Objective Understanding the possible regulatory mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation into endothelial cells might increase endothelial cell production in clinical practice. The goal of this work was to investigate how microRNAs (miRNAs) changed throughout the differentiation of umbilical cord-derived MSCs into endothelial cells. Methods MSCs were isolated from the umbilical cord\'s Wharton jelly tissue and differentiated into endothelial cells using a differentiation kit. Flow cytometry was used to measure endothelial differentiation. The protein and mRNA expression of endothelium markers was examined by using Western blot test and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). MiRNAs targeting CD31 or von Willebrand factor were predicted using bioinformatics (vWF). The levels of these miRNAs in cells were measured using RT-PCR at different stages of MSC differentiation. Finally， five miRNAs were selected and tested for their ability to target the 3\'UTR of CD31 or vWF using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results The umbilical cord MSCs differentiate into endothelial cells. After 9 days of differentiation， the levels of miR-26a-5p， miR-24-3p， miR-15b-5p， miR-497-5p， miR-214-3p， miR-195-5p， miR-761， miR-335-5p， and miR-16-5p were lowered compared to undifferentiated MSCs， whereas the levels of miR-15a-5p and miR-195-5p were not statistically different. Furthermore， a dual-luciferase reporter experiment confirmed that miR-26a-5p targeted CD31\'s 3\'UTR and that miR-761， miR-335-5p， and miR-16-5p targeted vWF\'s 3\'UTR， but not miR-15a-5p. Conclusion MiRNAs may play an important role in the differentiation of MSCs into endothelial cells.