肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)又称恶病质因子,是由活化的单核细胞、巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞产生的能使肿瘤组织细胞坏死的因子,是一种多功能细胞因子,不仅在促进细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡以及炎性反应方面有重要作用,而且在肿瘤发生、发展的过程中也起到重要促进作用,能直接抑制或杀伤肿瘤细胞,与此同时,在肿瘤患者营养不良或恶病质中也发挥着特有的作用。Carswell在1975年首次通过实验证实并报道,用卡介苗注射或细菌内毒素感染小鼠后,在小鼠的血清中可以检测到一种蛋白类物质,该物质可对多种体外培养的肿瘤细胞株产生 Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), also called cachexia factor, is a kind of factor that can make tumor cells necrosis by activated monocytes, macrophages and T lymphocytes. Multifunctional cytokines not only play an important role in promoting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and inflammatory reaction, but also play an important role in tumorigenesis and development and can directly inhibit or kill tumor cells. At the same time, it also plays a special role in the malnutrition or cachexia of cancer patients. Carswell first confirmed in 1975 and reported that in mice infected with BCG injection or bacterial endotoxin, a protein can be detected in the serum of mice, which can be a variety of in vitro cultured tumor cell lines produce