甘肃地处祖国腹地,东南远距海洋,西北紧靠世界屋脊。处在青藏高原外围东北侧和西秦岭北端的特定地理位置,典型的大陆性气候,客观地形成了这一地区降雨量少、气候干燥的特点。因而农业生产、人民生活在很大程度上受着天时的制约。然而,面对恶劣的自然环境,生息繁衍在这块土地上的人民却从没有屈服。早在春秋时期,勤劳勇敢的甘肃人民就在径河流域引水灌溉,改造农田;西汉时期,河西走廊有过大规模的移民垦殖,修渠引水,灌溉农田等兴水之举。但随着历代王朝更迭,时世变迁,水利时废时兴,两千多年的岁月,全省水浇地仅400余万亩。直到解放前夕,在黄河上游两岸居住的我省人民使用的唯一的水力提灌工具仍是沿用了几百年的水车,“吱吱呀呀”如同唱着古老的歌谣。只是到了解放后,我省的水 Gansu is located in the hinterland of the motherland, southeast of the ocean, northwest close to the roof of the world. Located in the northeast side of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the northern end of the West Qinling Mountains, the typical continental climate forms objectively the features of less rainfall and dry climate in this area. Therefore, agricultural production and people’s lives are largely constrained by the weather. However, in the face of the harsh natural environment, people who have lived and lived on this land have never given in. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, hard-working and courageous people in Gansu started to irrigate and transform farmland in the river basin. During the Western Han Dynasty, the Hexi Corridor had large-scale resettlement such as resettlement, canal diversion and irrigated farmland. However, with the change of dynasties and dynasties, the world was changing and the time wasted for water conservancy. Only over 400 million mu of irrigated fields were built in the past two thousand years. Until the eve of liberation, the only hydraulic tools used by the people of our province who lived on both banks of the upper reaches of the Yellow River continued to use waterwheels for hundreds of years, “squeaking” like singing old ballads. Only after the liberation, the province’s water