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目的观察糖尿病易感小鼠及患病小鼠的病情与肠道菌群变化情况,探讨二者之间的联系,为预防与治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病提供实验依据。方法昆明系小鼠50只,随机分为5组:空白对照组(CON组)、病例对照组(DM组)、预防组(Y组)、低剂量治疗组(L组)和高剂量治疗组(H组),每组10只,以链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射构建Ⅱ型糖尿病小鼠模型,CON组仅每日予以同等剂量生理盐水,Y组造模前灌胃嗜酸乳杆菌。各组每日灌胃相应浓度药物进行治疗,CON组与DM组以等量生理盐水处理。观察至造模后25 d各组的体重、空腹血糖、C肽水平、血脂谱、胰腺组织学和肠道菌群变化情况。结果 (1)灌胃嗜酸乳杆菌活菌制剂后,小鼠血糖降低,小鼠体重恢复至正常,C肽水平有所回升,肠道益生菌的数量有所恢复。但是某些条件致病菌在整个实验里呈递增状态。(2)STZ诱导Ⅱ型糖尿病后,小鼠TG、LDL升高,而TC与HDL变化不明显。灌胃后25 d,各组小鼠升高的TG、LDL均有不同程度的回落。(3)小鼠胰岛病理结构变化:Y组胰岛细胞形态接近CON组,边界较清楚,细胞排列较整齐,胰岛数及岛内细胞数多于L、H组,细胞分布均匀,核大小基本相等,少部分核固缩。结论嗜酸乳杆菌对STZ所致Ⅱ型糖尿病小鼠胰岛结构和功能的损伤具有保护作用;STZ建立Ⅱ型糖尿病模型小鼠肠道菌群发生紊乱,双歧杆菌和乳杆菌的数量减少。肠杆菌、葡萄球菌变化的规律不明显。
Objective To observe the changes of the disease and gut flora in susceptible and diseased mice with diabetes mellitus and to explore the relationship between the two and to provide experimental evidence for the prevention and treatment of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. Methods Fifty Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (CON group), case control group (DM group), prophylaxis group (Y group), low dose treatment group (L group) and high dose treatment group (Group H) with 10 rats in each group. The diabetic mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and the rats in CON group received the same dose of normal saline only once a day, and the yogurt Bacillus. The rats in each group were treated with the corresponding drug at the same concentration daily, and CON and DM groups were treated with the same amount of saline. The body weight, fasting blood glucose, C-peptide level, lipid profile, pancreatic histology and intestinal flora were observed 25 days after model establishment. Results (1) After oral administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus, blood glucose of mice decreased and body weight of mice returned to normal. The level of C-peptide returned and the number of probiotics in the gut recovered. However, some conditions of pathogenic bacteria showed an increasing status throughout the experiment. (2) STZ-induced type 2 diabetes, mice TG, LDL increased, while TC and HDL did not change significantly. At 25 days after gavage, the elevated TG and LDL of mice in each group dropped to different degrees. (3) Pathological changes of islet in mice: The morphological changes of islet cells in group Y were similar to those in CON group, the boundaries were clearer, the cells were arranged neatly, the number of islets and island cells were more than those in group L and H, the cells were evenly distributed, A small part of nuclear shrinkage. Conclusion Lactobacillus acidophilus has a protective effect on the islet structure and function of type 2 diabetic mice induced by STZ. The intestinal microflora in STZ-induced type 2 diabetic mice is disordered, and the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus is reduced. Enterobacter, Staphylococcus ameliorated the law is not obvious.