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目的 观察重组(酵母)乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗阻断乙肝病毒(HBV)母婴传播的长期效果,探讨阻断HBV母婴传播的最佳免疫策略。方法 对母亲血清乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙肝病毒膜抗原(HBeAg)同时阳性、新生儿期全程接种乙肝疫苗后HBsAg阴性的2 73名儿童进行9年血清学追踪观察。结果 共观察到12人HBsAg阳转,1～9岁HBsAg阳性率0 72 %～6 .98% ,低或无应答儿童9岁内17 .78%发生HBsAg阳转;免疫后9年保护性水平乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗 HBs)阳性率仍维持>6. 0 % ;3～5岁加强免疫儿童抗体阳性率及抗体水平高于未加强免疫儿童。结论 重组(酵母)乙肝疫苗对阻断HBV母婴传播具有良好的远期免疫效果。母亲HBsAg和HBeAg双阳性的幼儿在3～4岁时需加强免疫。低或无应答新生儿有较高的HBsAg阳转危险性。
Objective To observe the long-term effect of recombinant (yeast) hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine in blocking mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus and to explore the best immunization strategy for blocking the transmission of HBV mother-to-infant. Methods A total of 2 73 HBsAg-negative children with positive HBsAg and HBeAg were tested for serological follow-up after 9 years of full-term neonatal HB vaccination. Results A total of 12 positive HBsAg positive patients were observed. The positive rate of HBsAg between 1 and 9 years old was 0 72% ~ 6 .98%, while that of children with low or no response was 17.78%. The protective level of HBsAg was 9 years after immunization The positive rate of HBsAg (anti-HBs) remained at> 6.0%; the antibody positive rate and antibody level of boosters in 3 ~ 5 years old children were higher than those in non-boosted children. Conclusion Recombinant (yeast) hepatitis B vaccine has a good long-term immunization effect in blocking HBV transmission from mother to mother. Mothers HBsAg and HBeAg double positive children in 3 to 4 years old need to strengthen the immune. Newborns with low or no response have a higher HBsAg positive risk.