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纳米乳液是一类粒径不大于500nm的乳液。由于粒径很小,油水两相密度差造成的乳液分层现象消失。纳米乳液一经出现便立即得到了广泛应用,现主要应用于药物靶向输送、化妆品、食品等领域。据报道,大多数制备乳液的方法都是采用强力机械搅拌来实现(如提供高机械能量以克服表面积增大所增加的附加能),包括一些能源企业研制纳米乳液所采用的方法。基于相反转方法制备的纳米乳液已经广为人知,但缺乏统一的制备方法限制了纳米乳液在特殊的、高附加值产业上的应用。本文报道了一种制备粒径在30~80nm之间的单分散纳米乳液的常规方法——过渡相反转方法,研究发现这种乳液在作为油田化学添加剂的载体方面已经有广泛的应用。纳米乳液具有长期的储存稳定性,加入一种或多种油田化学添加剂会使其带上电荷。而且,人们已经对控制纳米乳液形成、性质和稳定性的因素进行了深入研究。含有油田化学添加剂的纳米乳液可能在井下作业(防垢、酸化等方面)、流体安全(多种添加剂可能产生堵塞流)和清除沉淀物/洗井等方面有所应用。纳米乳液的长期稳定性和稀释浓乳液来制备纳米乳液的方法使得这种添加剂符合油田现场存放要求。
Nanoemulsion is a type of emulsion particle size of not more than 500nm. Due to the small particle size, the oil-water two-phase density difference caused by the disappearance of emulsion stratification. Immediately after the appearance of nano-emulsion has been widely used, is mainly used in drug delivery, cosmetics, food and other fields. It has been reported that most methods of preparing emulsions are achieved by intensive mechanical agitation (such as providing additional mechanical energy to overcome the additional energy added by increasing surface area), including some of the methods used by energy companies to develop nanoemulsions. Nano-emulsions based on phase-inversion methods are widely known, but the lack of a uniform preparation method limits the application of nanoemulsions in special and high value-added industries. In this paper, we report a conventional method for the preparation of monodisperse nanoemulsions with a particle size between 30 and 80 nm, a phase inversion method. It has been found that this emulsion has been widely used as a carrier for oil field chemical additives. Nanoemulsions have long-term storage stability and can be charged with one or more oilfield chemical additives. Moreover, the factors that control the formation, properties and stability of nanoemulsions have been studied in depth. Nanoemulsions containing oilfield chemical additives may find applications in downhole operations (scaling, acidification, etc.), fluid safety (multiple additives may cause plugging flow), and sediment removal / well washing. The long-term stability of the nanoemulsion and the method of diluting the concentrated emulsion to make the nanoemulsion make this additive in line with the field storage requirements of the field.