植物为了抵御病原菌的入侵,在长期的进化中,形成了十分复杂的免疫系统,包括基础抗性和抗病基因介导的抗性两个层次。基础抗性属于第一层次的植物天然免疫,通常由植物表面的受体(PRRs)对病原相关分子模式(PAMPs)进行识别后引发,具有相对广谱、稳定和持久的特点。病原相关分子模式是许多病原菌普遍具有的,在进化上比较保守,如细菌鞭毛 In order to resist the invasion of pathogens, plants form a very complex immune system in the long term evolution, including basic resistance and disease resistance gene-mediated resistance. Basal resistance belongs to the first level of natural innate immunity. It is usually induced by plant surface receptors (PRRs) after identification of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and has relatively broad spectrum, stable and long-lasting characteristics. Pathogen-associated molecular patterns are common to many pathogenic bacteria and are evolutionarily conserved, such as bacterial flagella