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从种源、性别及无性系 3个层次 ,采用随机区组及电子计算机技术 ,对我国银杏叶 5个产量指标进行了多元统计分析 .R型因子及 Q型聚类结果表明 :( 1) 12个种源可分为 6类 ,山东、江苏、广西及福建属优良种源 ,山东和福建的雄株及江苏的雌株为性别最佳群体 ;( 2 )全国 12个省 86个无性系可以分成 6类 ,其中山东 45号、5 8号、5 9号及 67号雄株、5 2号雌株及江苏的 83号雌株为优良无性系 ,雄株优良无性系达 4.65 %;( 3 )我国叶用银杏的种源、性别及无性系间具有广泛的遗传基础 ,目前叶用良种选育应遵循先确定种源 ,然后在种源内选择雄性或雌性无性系的原则 ;( 4 )雄株和雌株二大群体内均存有优良叶用资源 ,但雄株内筛选出高产叶用品种的可能性更大 ;( 5 )叶用银杏的地理生态型不明显 ,我国东部的山东、江苏和福建及南部的广西叶用资源相对集中
Multivariate statistical analysis was made on five yield indicators of Ginkgo biloba in China from three aspects of provenance, sex and clonality using randomized block and computer technology.The results of type R and Q-type clustering showed that: (1) 12 The provenances can be divided into 6 categories, and the best provenances in Shandong, Jiangsu, Guangxi and Fujian, male plants in Shandong and Fujian and female plants in Jiangsu are the best sex groups; (2) 86 clones in 12 provinces of China There were 6 types of female clones, including 45, 58, 59 and 67 male, female 52 and female 83 in Jiangsu, which were excellent clones, with male superior clone reaching 4.65% ) Ginkgo biloba in China has a wide range of genetic basis among germplasm, genders and clones. At present, breeding of elite seeds should follow the principle of determining provenances first and then selecting male or female clones in provenance. (4) However, the possibility of screening high-yielding leaf species in male plants was more likely. (5) The geographical and ecotypes of leaf-ginkgo were not obvious, and in Shandong, Jiangsu and Fujian and southern Guangxi leaves are relatively concentrated resources