论文部分内容阅读
目的 观察正常人和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (Obstructivesleepapneasyndrome ,OSAS)患者在呼吸运动周期中上呼吸道的形态学变化 ,比较正常人和OSAS患者间的差别。方法 经PSG确诊的OSAS患者共 34人 ,年龄性别相近的正常成年人 30人 ,以纤维内窥镜观察清醒平静呼吸时上呼吸道的形态变化 ,对受试者上呼吸道吸气和呼气时的形态分别拍照 ,利用计算机图像测量分析技术计算吸气和呼气之间上呼吸道形态学改变的幅度 ,比较正常人和OSAS患者间的差别。结果 正常人和OSAS患者 ,均表现为吸气时上呼吸道横截面积明显缩小 ,吸气中期达到最小 ,呼气开始则横截面积增大 ,呼气中期达到最大。OSAS患者在呼气和吸气间的改变幅度明显大于正常对照组 ,左右径的改变幅度大于前后径。软腭后区的改变幅度大于舌后区。结论 呼吸运动周期中上呼吸道的形态存在周期性的变化 ,OSAS患者的变化幅度明显大于正常对照者 ,这种较大的变化幅度是OSAS患者睡眠中发生上呼吸道阻塞的基础。
Objective To observe the morphological changes of upper respiratory tract in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) during the respiratory cycle and to compare the differences between normal and OSAS patients. Methods A total of 34 OSAS patients diagnosed by PSG and 30 normal adults of the same age were observed with fiber endoscopy to observe the morphological changes of upper respiratory tract during conscious and calm breathing. Morphology were photographed, the use of computer image measurement and analysis techniques to calculate the upper respiratory tract breathing and breath changes in the magnitude of morphology, the difference between normal and OSAS patients. Results In both normal and OSAS patients, the cross-sectional area of the upper respiratory tract was significantly reduced during inspiration, the mid-inspiratory phase was the smallest, the cross-sectional area was increased after expiration and reached the maximum in the middle of expiration. OSAS patients in the expiratory and inspiratory changes were significantly larger than the normal control group, left and right diameter changes greater than the anteroposterior diameter. The area behind the soft palate changes more than the posterior area of the tongue. Conclusions There is a periodic change in the morphology of the upper respiratory tract during the respiratory cycle. The magnitude of change in OSAS patients is significantly greater than that of normal controls. The larger magnitude of change is the basis of upper airway obstruction during sleep in OSAS patients.