目的了解陕西省农村老年人高血压患病率及对高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率(简称三率)现状。方法 2013年7~12月,采用整群抽样的方法抽取了陕西省陕北、关中和陕南地区60岁及以上的农村居民603人进行问卷调查,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果全部603位调查对象,患有高血压的老年人共261人,总体患病率为43.28%;其中新检出患有高血压者82人,高血压检出率为13.60%(82/603)。高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为68.58%、34.10%和13.79%。不同性别、年龄段和受教育程度的老年人在知晓率、治疗率、控制率上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论陕西省农村老年人对高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率与2002年全国平均水平相比,有了提高,但并不理想,尤其是治疗率和控制率。还需采取有力措施提高农村居民三率水平。 Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its awareness of hypertension, treatment rate and control rate (referred to as three rates) in rural elderly in Shaanxi Province. Methods From July to December 2013, a total of 603 rural residents aged 60 and over in northern Shaanxi, Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi provinces of Shaanxi Province were sampled by cluster sampling method and the data were statistically analyzed. Results All 603 subjects, 261 elderly people with hypertension, the overall prevalence rate was 43.28%; of which 82 were newly diagnosed with hypertension, the detection rate of hypertension was 13.60% (82/603 ). The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 68.58%, 34.10% and 13.79% respectively. There were significant differences in awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate between the elderly with different genders, age groups and educational attainment (P <0.05). Conclusion The awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension in rural elderly in Shaanxi Province have been improved compared with the national average in 2002, but not ideal, especially the treatment rate and control rate. Strong measures need to be taken to raise the level of rural residents at the third rate.