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中国足球职业联赛近年来屡屡爆出假球黑哨的丑闻或遭强烈质疑,令球迷和关心足球发展的各界人士痛惜不已。从产权和制度的角度去认识这个问题,认为:西方职业联赛中,各私有俱乐部本着追求长期利益的动机而进行的是长期重复博弈,重复博弈使得公平竞赛自我维持。而中国大多数职业俱乐部是国有资产,国有产权不可避免使俱乐部具有短期行为和维权意识弱等特点,这使得公平竞赛制度在中国联赛内部能内在维持,只能借助产生于政府的外在权威力量———中国足协来强制干预。但由于中国足协经常不能受到委托人有效的监督,足协在维护联赛公平竞赛的过程中也因而是经常缺位的,这使得外在的中国职业联赛公平竞赛制度也经常失效。
In recent years, the Chinese Football League repeatedly broke the scandal of the match-fixing black whistle or has been strongly questioned, leaving fans and people from all walks of life who care about the development of football. From the point of view of property right and system, we can know this question. It is considered that in western professional leagues, all private clubs are motivated by the pursuit of long-term interests to carry out long-term repeated games, and repeat games make self-sustaining of fair play. However, most of the professional clubs in China are state-owned assets. The state-owned property rights inevitably make the clubs have short-term behavior and weak awareness of rights protection. This makes the fair competition system inherently maintained within the Chinese league and can only rely on the external authority resulting from the government --- China Football Association to force intervention. However, due to the fact that the Chinese Football Association often can not be effectively supervised by the client, the Football Association is often absent in the process of maintaining a fair play in the league, which often invalidates the fair competition system of the external Chinese league.