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目的 探讨经皮肾穿刺造瘘取石术 (PCNL)治疗输尿管上段结石的安全性与有效性。 方法 回顾性分析 10 9例采用PCNL治疗的输尿管上段结石患者资料。男 6 1例 ,女 4 8例 ;年龄 12～ 6 7岁。结石直径 1.0～ 3.5cm。 结果 10 9例均为一期取石 ,结石清除率 10 0 % ,平均手术时间6 0min ,术中估计出血量平均 2 5ml,平均住院时间 7d ,无严重并发症发生。 结论 PCNL治疗输尿管上段结石安全有效 ,可以使绝大多数患者避免开放手术。
Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrostomy and lithotomy (PCNL) in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi. Methods The data of 109 patients with upper ureteral calculi treated with PCNL were retrospectively analyzed. 61 males and 48 females; aged 12 to 67 years old. Stone diameter 1.0 ~ 3.5cm. Results All 109 cases were treated by primary stone removal and the rate of stone removal was 100%. The average operation time was 60 minutes. The intraoperative blood loss was estimated to be 25ml on average and the average length of hospital stay was 7 days. No serious complications occurred. Conclusion PCNL for the treatment of upper ureteral stones safe and effective, can make the vast majority of patients to avoid open surgery.