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[目的]分析集中空调冷却水水质及其与嗜肺军团菌污染间的相关性,为预防和控制军团菌病提供科学依据。[方法]对深圳市南山区安装有集中空调的36家公共场所冷却水进行检测,检测指标有冷却水嗜肺军团菌微生物指标和水质理化指标。[结果]集中空调冷却水水温较一般自来水高,中位数为30.0℃;细菌总数中位数为6.8 CFU/mL,浊度中位数为3.5 NTU,均超过生活饮用水卫生标准。多因素logistic回归分析显示,浊度、溶解性总固形物是冷却水嗜肺军团菌阳性率的影响因素,其比值比(OR及95%CI)分别为1.300(1.011~1.672)和1.102(1.016~1.196)。[结论]冷却水浊度和溶解性总固形物可能是影响嗜肺军团菌生长繁殖的重要因素,加强冷却水水质管理对预防军团菌病有重要公共卫生学意义。
[Objective] The research aimed to analyze the correlation between the quality of cooling water in centralized air-conditioners and the contamination of Legionella pneumophila and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of Legionnaires’ disease. [Method] The water samples were collected from 36 public places where central air-conditioning was installed in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. The detection indexes included the microorganism index and water quality index of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water. [Result] The water temperature of central air-conditioning cooling water was higher than that of ordinary tap water. The median was 30.0 ℃. The median total bacteria count was 6.8 CFU / mL and the median turbidity was 3.5 NTU, all exceeding the sanitary standards of drinking water. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that turbidity and total dissolved solids were the influencing factors for the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water. The odds ratios (OR and 95% CI) were 1.300 (1.011-1.662) and 1.102 (1.016 ~ 1.196). [Conclusion] The total solids of cooling water turbidity and solubility may play an important role in the growth and reproduction of Legionella pneumophila. To improve the water quality management of cooling water is of great public health significance in the prevention of Legionnaires’ disease.