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在实际教学中,学生对There be肯定句、否定句、疑问句句型中的be动词以及句型中a,an,some,any的用法掌握不扎实,错误率较高,例如:
1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom. (×)
2. There is a water in the bottle.(×)
3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.(×)
4. Are there some dolls on the bed?(×)
5. There are one book on the desk. (×)
学生们的这些错误,其原因可以进行如下归纳:
一、不懂就近原则
就近原则,这里指There be句型中的be动词到底是用is还是are,由最靠近它的主语决定。以上例句There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.就是没有根据就近原则,其正确写法是There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.
二、对肯定句,否定句以及疑问句区别不清
肯定句:
1. There is加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②some / much/ a lot of不可数名词
eg: There is a desk. There is some / much / a lot of water.
2. There are加可数名词复数形式
eg: There are some desks.
否定句:
1. There isn’t加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②any+不可数名词
eg: There isn’t a desk. There isn’t any water.
2. There aren’t加any可数名词复数形式 eg: There aren’t any desks.
疑问句:
1. Is there加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②any不可数名词
eg: Is there a desk? Is there any water?
2. Are there加any可数名词复数
eg: Are there any desks?
三、对不可数名词用法不清
There be句型中不可数名词的常规用法:
肯定句:There is some / a lot of / much+不可数名词
否定句:There isn’t any…/ There is no+不可数名词
疑问句:Is there any / a lot of / much+不可数名词
现将小学阶段出现的一系列不可数名词给学生归纳如下:water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, bread, rice等等,并要求学生牢记这些不可数名词。
通过以上归纳,相信学生对开头出现的种种错误会有一个重新认识,并减少出现类似错误的几率。
1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.
学生通过了解就近原则可得出正解: There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.(√)
2. There is a water in the bottle.
学生通过water这一不可数名词可得出正解: There is some water in the bottle.(√)
3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.
学生通过“There aren’t+any”可得出正解: There
aren’t any eggs on the table.(√)
4. Are there some dolls on the bed?
学生通过“Are there+any”可得出正解: Are there any dolls on the bed?(√)
5. There are one book on the desk.
学生知道one book为可数名词单数,可得出正解 :There is one book on the desk.(√)
难度系数:★★★
1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom. (×)
2. There is a water in the bottle.(×)
3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.(×)
4. Are there some dolls on the bed?(×)
5. There are one book on the desk. (×)
学生们的这些错误,其原因可以进行如下归纳:
一、不懂就近原则
就近原则,这里指There be句型中的be动词到底是用is还是are,由最靠近它的主语决定。以上例句There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.就是没有根据就近原则,其正确写法是There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.
二、对肯定句,否定句以及疑问句区别不清
肯定句:
1. There is加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②some / much/ a lot of不可数名词
eg: There is a desk. There is some / much / a lot of water.
2. There are加可数名词复数形式
eg: There are some desks.
否定句:
1. There isn’t加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②any+不可数名词
eg: There isn’t a desk. There isn’t any water.
2. There aren’t加any可数名词复数形式 eg: There aren’t any desks.
疑问句:
1. Is there加①a / an可数名词单数形式 ②any不可数名词
eg: Is there a desk? Is there any water?
2. Are there加any可数名词复数
eg: Are there any desks?
三、对不可数名词用法不清
There be句型中不可数名词的常规用法:
肯定句:There is some / a lot of / much+不可数名词
否定句:There isn’t any…/ There is no+不可数名词
疑问句:Is there any / a lot of / much+不可数名词
现将小学阶段出现的一系列不可数名词给学生归纳如下:water, juice, milk, coffee, tea, bread, rice等等,并要求学生牢记这些不可数名词。
通过以上归纳,相信学生对开头出现的种种错误会有一个重新认识,并减少出现类似错误的几率。
1. There are a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.
学生通过了解就近原则可得出正解: There is a desk and two chairs in the bedroom.(√)
2. There is a water in the bottle.
学生通过water这一不可数名词可得出正解: There is some water in the bottle.(√)
3. There aren’t some eggs on the table.
学生通过“There aren’t+any”可得出正解: There
aren’t any eggs on the table.(√)
4. Are there some dolls on the bed?
学生通过“Are there+any”可得出正解: Are there any dolls on the bed?(√)
5. There are one book on the desk.
学生知道one book为可数名词单数,可得出正解 :There is one book on the desk.(√)
难度系数:★★★