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随着中国涉海活动范围的不断扩大,海洋事务面临越来越复杂的局面。通过制定海洋法依法维护我国领土主权、海洋安全和海洋权益,阐述我国的海洋基本政策,加强海洋综合管理,存在必要性。我国海洋单独立法的称谓宜采用海洋法。在法的位阶中,海洋立法属于基本法律,不属于宪法性法律,进而也就不属于基本法范畴。制定海洋法与现存其他涉海立法之间并不存在冲突或重复,海洋法的出台应当与国家海洋战略相呼应。我国海洋法应当对我国海洋基本政策、海洋管理体制、海上执法力量、海上通道安全和我国在管辖外海域海洋权益作出具体规定。
As the scope of China’s sea-going activities continues to expand, the maritime affairs are facing more and more complicated situations. There is a need to elaborate the basic marine policies in our country and to strengthen the comprehensive marine management by establishing the law of the sea according to law to safeguard China’s territorial sovereignty, maritime security and maritime rights and interests. The maritime law should be adopted for the title of China’s separate maritime legislation. In the rank of law, maritime legislation belongs to the basic law and does not belong to the constitutional law, and thus does not belong to the scope of the Basic Law. There is no conflict or duplication between the enactment of the law of the sea and other existing maritime legislation. The promulgation of the law of the sea should correspond to the national maritime strategy. China’s maritime law should make specific provisions on China’s basic marine policies, marine management system, maritime law enforcement forces, maritime access security and China’s maritime rights and interests in areas beyond the jurisdiction.