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目的：探讨P27蛋白表达在软骨肉瘤诊断和预后判断中的价值。方法：应用免疫组化（S-P法）检测P27在软骨肉瘤石蜡切片中的表达，再用流式细胞测软骨肉瘤DNA倍体。结果：软骨肉瘤组织分级愈高，P27表达愈高，而正常软骨、良性软骨肿瘤P27不表达。P27表达在软骨瘤和Ⅰ级软骨肉瘤间有显著差异（P＜0．05）。正常软骨、良性软骨肿瘤及软骨肉瘤Ⅰ、Ⅱ级主要为二倍体，而软骨肉瘤Ⅲ级主要为异倍体。P27表达愈高，DNA异倍体愈多。P27表达与DNA异倍体显著正相关（P＜0．05）。结论：P27蛋白可能成为软骨瘤和Ⅰ级软骨肉瘤鉴别诊断标记物以及软骨肉瘤的预后指标。
Objective: To investigate the value of P27 protein expression in the diagnosis and prognosis of chondrosarcoma. Methods: The expression of P27 in paraffin sections of chondrosarcoma was detected by immunohistochemistry (S-P method). DNA ploidy of chondrosarcoma was measured by flow cytometry. Results: The higher grade of chondrosarcoma tissue, the higher the expression of P27, but no expression of P27 in normal cartilage and benign cartilage tumors. P27 expression was significantly different between chondroma and grade I chondrosarcoma (P<0.05). Normal cartilage, benign cartilage tumors, and chondrosarcoma grades I and II are mainly diploid, while chondrosarcoma grade III is mainly aneuploid. The higher the expression of P27, the more DNA heteroploid. There was a significant positive correlation between P27 expression and DNA heteroploid (P<0.05). Conclusion: P27 protein may become a differential diagnosis marker for chondroma and grade I chondrosarcoma and a prognostic indicator for chondrosarcoma.