目的:野罂粟作为“咳欣康”与“咳喘宁”等中成药的主要成分被大量开发,野生资源数量急剧减少。本研究探讨不同地区野罂粟个体形态学差异及访花昆虫的类别与行为。方法:在野罂粟盛花期,选择不同生境的10个野生居群,采用经典的样方法与样带法结合定位观测研究花期野罂粟的株高、分埠数、莛数和叶片性状等7个生物学指标和访花昆虫的类别与行为特征的差异。结果:(1)在个体水平上,野罂粟生物学指标在居群内和居群间均表现出明显差异(P<0.05),株高、分埠数、莛数和叶面积在不同居群间呈现极显著差异(P<0.01);(2)访花昆虫有7目18科23种,其中鞘翅目(4科6种,占26.1%)、半翅目(4科5种,占21.7%)、双翅目(3科4种,占17.4%)、鳞翅目(3科4种,占17.4%)。结论:为了更科学的阐明药用植物的繁育机制、遗传背景、活性物质等关键问题,建议下一步开展野外定位观测结合环境控制试验,系统研究中草药的繁殖生物学过程和规律,预期成果将为优良中药品种繁育与栽培及其资源的科学评价提供参考依据。 Purpose: wild poppy as a “cough Xinkang” and “Kechuan Ning” and other major components of proprietary Chinese medicine was developed in large numbers, a sharp reduction in the number of wild resources. In this study, we investigated the morphological differences of poppy and the types and behaviors of the visiting insects in different regions. Methods: During the flowering of wild poppies, 10 wild populations of different habitats were selected. Seven species of poppy, including plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, and leaf traits of flowering wild poppy were studied by classical sampling method and sampling method. Differences of learning index and visiting insects’ category and behavior characteristics. Results: (1) At the individual level, the biological index of wild poppy showed obvious difference (P <0.05) between the population and the population. The plant height, number of branches, leaf number and leaf area in different populations (2) There were 7 orders, 18 families and 23 species of visiting insects, of which Coleoptera (6 species of 4 families, accounting for 26.1%), Hemiptera (4 families of 5 species, accounting for 21.7 %), Diptera (4 species in 3 families, 17.4%) and Lepidoptera (4 species in 3 families, accounting for 17.4%). Conclusion: In order to clarify the key problems such as breeding mechanism, genetic background and active substance of medicinal plants more scientifically, it is suggested to carry out field positioning observation and environmental control experiment in the next step to systematically study the reproductive biology process and law of Chinese herbal medicine. The expected results will be Provide reference for the breeding and cultivation of fine Chinese medicinal materials and the scientific evaluation of their resources.