肿瘤是具有不同特性的一类疾病,因此开发肿瘤疫苗的可能性是复杂的。一些肿瘤与特殊病原体如病毒有关,而另外一些肿瘤的病因尚不明了。传统的疫苗研制是基于机体对某一特定疾病或肿瘤有关的特异抗原的识别能力,并激起宿主针对那些抗原的相应的保护性免疫反应。因此,传统的疫苗研制只能适用于那些主要由病毒性疾病引起的肿瘤。这样的疫苗用 Tumors are a group of diseases that have different traits and therefore the possibility of developing a tumor vaccine is complex. Some tumors are associated with specific pathogens such as viruses, while the cause of other tumors is not known. Traditional vaccine development is based on the ability of the body to recognize specific antigens associated with a particular disease or tumor and to elicit the corresponding protective immune responses of those hosts to those antigens. Therefore, the traditional vaccine development can only be applied to those tumors mainly caused by viral diseases. Such a vaccine