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口述历史是当下历史重现方式,而口述历史档案则是当下档案收集方式的热点,但在众多探讨中有一个问题却少人问津,即“口述历史档案中的差异”。本文认为,这种时常发生的“差异”恰恰是口述历史重现历史面貌的最主要方式。本文运用知识考古的方法,通过对口述历史档案中“差异”的辨析,将这种差异造成的不连续性推向了口述历史史料收集和历史研究的前台。使用这种方法,口述历史档案能够还原更为多维、复杂的真实原貌,即总体历史。从口述历史档案中获得总体历史,需要档案收集人员尽量将自我的主体性后置,以一种全然不绝对化的、开放的工作思路,来尽可能多的保存口述历史档案中的各种信息。
Oral history is the current way of historical reproduction, while the oral history file is the hot spot of the current file collection method. However, there is one problem in many discussions but few people pay attention to it, namely “the difference in oral history files”. This article argues that this frequent occurrence of “differences” is exactly the most important way for oral history to reproduce the historical outlook. This dissertation uses the methods of knowledge archeology to analyze the discontinuity caused by this difference to the foreground of oral historical data collection and historical research through the analysis of “difference ” in oral history archives. Using this method, oral history archives can restore the more multi-dimensional and complex reality that is overall history. Obtaining the overall history from the oral history archives requires the archivists to save as much as possible the various kinds of information in the oral history archives as much as possible after leaving their own subjectivity behind with an entirely unoptimized and open working mentality .