一、前言众所周知,材料的性质取决于它的结构与成分。试验条件仅仅是外因,但是在摩擦学领域里以往对外因研究较多,而对内因则很少问津。诚然,在某些条件下摩擦速度,载荷大小甚至周围介质对材料的摩擦学特性有十分明显的作用,这是应当肯定的,今后我们仍然不能放松这方面的工作,然而决不能顾 First, the preamble As we all know, the nature of the material depends on its structure and composition. The test conditions are mere extrinsic factors, but in the field of tribology, there were more studies on external factors in the past, but very little on internal factors. It is true that under certain conditions, the friction speed, the size of the load and even the surrounding medium have a very significant effect on the tribological properties of the material. This should be affirmed. In the future, we still can not relax our work in this area. However,