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(一)从古老的中世纪直到人民革命胜利前夕,经蒙古至其境外,主要是去中国和俄国,货物运输只有靠驮运。驮载货物用的是马、牛和骆驼。用马和牛驮运可行50至300公里,而且只能在夏秋两季。众所周知,马是蒙古的主要骑乘畜。然而在城市、寺院及王公和富裕牧民的经济生活中,用马套车载重。只有在个别场合才用马驮运,马的载重量不大,通常在65至80公斤之间。在旅行家和学者的著作中很少见到有关这类货车的描述。例如,A.M.波兹德涅
(1) From the ancient Middle Ages to the eve of the victory of the people’s revolution, Mongolia traveled abroad mainly to China and Russia, and the transportation of goods was carried only by packs of transport. Packed animals are horses, cattle and camels. It is practicable to pack 50 to 300 kilometers of horses and cattle, and only in summer and autumn. As we all know, horses are the main riding animals in Mongolia. However, in the economic life of cities, monasteries and princes and wealthy pastoralists, horses are loaded with vehicles. Only in a few occasions only with horse pack, horse load is not large, usually between 65 and 80 kg. Rarely have there been descriptions of such trucks in the writings of travelers and scholars. For example, A.M. Bozdinje