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石英在大自然界中大量存在,绝大多数岩石,如花岗岩、页岩、石英岩以及沉积岩和砂砾中都含有石英。但这些石英通常都是些细小和不规则的颗粒,比较大而完整的石英晶体则必须有一定的生长条件才能形成。石英在不同的温度条件下具有多种不同的变体。低于573℃,称其为a石英,亦称低态石英,其具有压电效应;高于573℃,称其为β石英(包括β石英、β鳞石英、β方石英、溶体石英),也称高态石英,没有压电效应。而纯净的、结晶完好的、无色透明的a石英又称之为水晶,其英文名称为Rock crystal,化学成份为SiO2。
Quartz is abundant in nature. The vast majority of rocks, such as granite, shale, quartzite, and sedimentary rocks and gravel, contain quartz. However, these quartz are usually small and irregular particles, larger and more complete quartz crystal must have certain growth conditions to form. Quartz has many different variations at different temperatures. Below 573 ℃, call it a quartz, also known as low quartz, which has a piezoelectric effect; above 573 ℃, called β quartz (including β quartz, β scale quartz, β cristobalite, dissolved quartz) Also known as high quartz, there is no piezoelectric effect. The pure, crystal intact, colorless and transparent a quartz called crystal, its English name is Rock crystal, chemical composition of SiO2.