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利用形态学指标对云南香格里拉县现存的中甸刺玫(Rosa praelucens Byhouwer)3个天然居群、1个由引种植株构成的“引种”群体和1个由零星散生在农家的植株所构成“农家”群体进行了表型多样性研究。结果表明:(1)和平村天然居群的植株最高,花最大,果实最大,种子数量最多且百粒质量最大。乃司村天然居群的叶片小叶数最多,叶片连叶柄最长,果梗最长,但果实最小,种子百粒质量最轻。联合村天然居群的花色最红且变异最丰富。“农家”群体的植株冠幅最大,花瓣数最多且变异最丰富。“引种”群体的株高、冠幅、小叶片和花径等的均值最小但变异系数较大,花色最淡,种子数最少。(2)中甸刺玫种内存在着丰富的表型变异,23个表型性状的变异系数均值为22.88%,平均表型分化系数为69.56%,群体间的变异是其表型变异的主要来源。(3)目前引种的植株和自然散生在农家庭院的植株主要分别从乃司村和联合村人为地直接或间接采集并单独保存下来。基于中甸刺玫的表型多样性及变异特征,应尽可能地保护较多的居群;从资源利用的角度则应尽量保护群体的完整性以保存其群体内所蕴藏的观赏性状。
Morphological indicators were used to analyze the existing three natural populations of Rosa praelucens Byhouwer in Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province, one “introduced” population composed of introduced plants and one plant distributed by scattered spouses in farmhouses Constitute “farmer ” group conducted a study of phenotypic diversity. The results showed that: (1) The natural population of Hepingcun was the highest with the highest flower, the largest fruit, the largest number of seeds and the highest quality of 100 grains. Nora Village, the natural population of leaflets the largest number of leaf petiole with the longest, stems the longest, but the smallest fruit, seed lightest quality. Union Village natural populations the most red and most colorful variations. “Farmer ” groups of the largest plant crown crown, the largest number of petals and the most abundant variation. The average of plant height, crown width, small leaf diameter and flower diameter of the “introduction” group was the smallest, but the coefficient of variation was the largest, the color was the lightest, and the seed number was the least. (2) There are abundant phenotypic variation in the species of Zhongdian acreage. The average of the coefficient of variation of 23 phenotypic traits is 22.88% and the average phenotypic differentiation coefficient is 69.56%. The variation among the groups is the main phenotypic variation source. (3) The currently introduced plants and the naturally scattered plants in the farms’ gardens are mainly collected directly and indirectly from Nissei Village and Union Village respectively and kept separately. Based on the phenotypic diversity and variation characteristics of Zhongdian rose, more populations should be protected as much as possible. From the perspective of resource utilization, the integrity of the population should be protected to preserve the ornamental traits contained in the population.