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振荡在2μm区的二极管泵浦激光对视觉没有危险，在医学和定位中很有实用价值。Tm(3+)离子激活的激光介质具有许多诱人的性质。第一它们很容易用通常的AlGaAs激光二极管来泵浦（铥离子3F4－3H6跃迁的波长接近800um）；第二，Tm系统中的能量转移交叉弛豫过程保证激光上能级的激励
Diode-pumped laser light oscillations in the 2μm area are visually unobtrusive and are valuable in medicine and positioning. Tm (3+) ion-activated laser media has many attractive properties. First, they are easily pumped by the usual AlGaAs laser diodes (the transition wavelength of the ion 3F4-3H6 is close to 800 μm). Second, the energy-shift cross-relaxation process in the Tm system ensures excitation at the laser level