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目的 了解初、高中学生的吸烟状况 ,研究和探讨其吸烟行为的社会心理因素 ,为探索和建立适合中国国情的、科学的、行之有效的青少年预防和控制吸烟新模式提供可靠依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法 ,在杭州市的初、高中、学生中抽取所需要的样本量。对研究对象的一般情况进行描述性统计分析 ,对吸烟影响的单因素分析采用 χ2 检验 ,对单因素分析呈阳性结果的影响因素采用多元Logistic逐步回归法进行分析。 结果 初一学生尝试吸烟率为 9 7% ,高二学生尝试吸烟率为 4 1 0 %。男生尝试吸烟率远远高于女生。职业高中学生的尝试吸烟率显著高于普通高中。吸烟动机主要是 :不想拒绝别人递烟 ,摆脱烦恼 ,解乏提神 ,显示自主性。吸烟行为的影响因素 :年级的增长 (高中相对于初中而言 )、同伴压力、饮酒、敌意、焦虑、抑郁情绪。结论 从初中到高中 ,青少年的吸烟状况不断加重 ,且呈现与社会总人群相似的性别差异特征。同伴压力、饮酒、敌意、抑郁、焦虑等都是影响青少年尝试吸烟行为的重要社会心理因素
Objective To understand the smoking status of students in primary and secondary high schools and to study and explore the social and psychological factors of their smoking behavior so as to provide a reliable basis for exploring and establishing a scientific and effective adolescent model for preventing and controlling smoking that suits China’s national conditions. Methods The method of stratified random sampling was used to extract the required sample size from the beginning, middle and high school students in Hangzhou. Descriptive statistical analysis of the general situation of the study object, single factor analysis of smoking effects using χ2 test, univariate analysis of positive results were multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The first-year students attempted smoking rate of 97%, sophomore students attempted smoking rate of 41%. Smoking rates for boys are far higher than girls. Occupational high school students attempted smoking was significantly higher than ordinary high school. The main motivation for smoking is: do not want to refuse someone else handed tobacco, get rid of trouble, relieve fatigue, show autonomy. Factors affecting smoking behavior: grade growth (high school relative to junior high school), peer pressure, alcohol, hostility, anxiety, depression. Conclusion From junior high school to high school, adolescent smoking continues to worsen and shows similar gender differences to the general population. Peer stress, drinking, hostility, depression, anxiety, etc. are all important social and psychological factors that affect young people to try smoking behavior