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钨极氦气保护电弧焊的热功率大、生产率高,是一种很有前途的焊接工艺。氦气保护的特点、氦弧的弧态、氦弧的电特性和热特性是氦弧焊中的重要课题。本文用激光技术显示了氦气流,拍摄了氦弧、氩弧及氦氩混合气体保护焊电弧的弧态,测定了这些电弧的静特性和热功率分布,并进行了熔深试验。试验证明,与氩弧焊相比,氦弧阳极区热功率将近增加一倍,而工件熔深的增大却更为显著。但是,一般的氦氩混合气体保护焊时,阳极区的热功率和工件的熔深均与氩弧焊相差无几。因而,本文研究了内喷嘴通氦气、外喷嘴通氩气的双气分流式钨极气体保护电弧焊。这样在较小的氦气流量下,其熔深却接近于纯氦弧焊。
Tungsten helium gas shielded arc welding heat power, high productivity, is a promising welding process. The characteristics of helium protection, the arc of helium arc, the electrical characteristics and thermal characteristics of helium arc are important issues in helium arc welding. In this paper, the helium flow was displayed by laser technique. The arc of arc welding with helium arc, argon arc and helium-argon mixed gas was photographed. The static characteristics and thermal power distribution of arc were measured and the penetration depth was measured. Experiments show that, compared with argon arc welding, helium arc anode area nearly double the thermal power, while the workpiece penetration is more significant increase. However, the general helium-argon mixed gas protection welding, the anode area of the thermal power and workpiece penetration are almost the same with the TIG. Therefore, this paper studies the double-gas shunt TIG gas arc welding with helium gas through the inner nozzle and argon gas through the outer nozzle. This at a small flow of helium, its penetration is close to pure helium arc welding.