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应用宫内节育器避孕已有数十年,仅在近年来才仔细研究其效能。虽1909年Richer描述一种蚕肠节育器,但所谓现代节育器年代则始于20年代末与Graefenberg环的发展有关。此环由银制成,妊娠率为1.6％。而Ota报告51例中5例失败。经过了10～15年,主要由于理论上的原因,在西方国家,Craefenberg环已名声扫地。同期,Ota报道采用金制的或镀金银制的幅状环,73例中有1例妊娠,效能达到当代标准,然而,在欧美人民中有反对宫内节育器的倾向,日本政府于1936年下令禁止。直至20世纪后半叶,节育器仍无进展。1959年,在以色列和日本发表了两篇大量临床试验报
IUD contraception has been used for decades, and its efficacy has only been carefully studied in recent years. Although Richer described a silkworm IUD in 1909, the so-called modern IUD dates back to the development of the Graefenberg ring in the late 1920s. This ring is made of silver with a pregnancy rate of 1.6%. Ota reported 5 of 51 patients that failed. After 10 to 15 years, mainly due to theoretical reasons, in Western countries, Crafrenberg ring has been famous. Over the same period, Ota reported the use of gold or gold-plated silver ring, 73 cases of 1 pregnancy, the efficacy of contemporary standards, however, in Europe and the United States have a tendency to oppose IUD, the Japanese government in 1936 Banned Until the second half of the 20th century, IUD still no progress. In 1959, two large clinical trial papers were published in Israel and Japan