An Er3 -doped lead-free bismuth germanate glass is synthesized. Its 2.7-\mu m emission property is analyzed, and the efficient 2.7-\mu m emission from the glass is observed under 980-nm laser diode excitation. The prepared glass possesses high spontaneo
Optical systems are analyzed with three kinds of rotational symmetric pupil masks: annular Gaussian ring mask, supergaussian ring mask, and quartic phase mask. In these masks, the quartic phase mask is found to be the best one to extend focal depth. Point
The investigation of nonlinear optical characteristics of ethanol solution doped with silver nanoparticles is presented. A large thermal-induced third-order nonlinear refractive index up to –1.941×10