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针对费用最小化理论在可靠性分配中的局限性，建立更切合实际的固定费用下可靠度极大化思想。将该思想运用到尿素热解脱硝系统中，针对系统结构功能特征及运行特点，深入分析各系统间逻辑功能关系，提出了完整的尿素热解脱硝系统可靠性分配模型。并引入可靠性成本预估函数，以固定费用为约束，建立数学模型，实现了系统可靠性指标的最优化分配。最后以脱硝系统为例，获得具有实际意义的数值解，证明了该方法的可用性及正确性。“,”In view of the limitation of cost minimization on reliability allocation, the maximization of reliability at fixed cost is used. The theory is introduced into the SCR system which is based on urea＇ s pyrolysis. Through analyzing the structure and function of system features and operation characteristics, as well as the relations between each system logic functions, a complete reliability allocation model is made. By introducing reliability cost estimations function, and the constraint of cost minization, the Mathematical model is made, then the optimal allocation is reached. Finally, with SCR system for example, the numerical solution of practical significance is obtained. It proves this method＇ s usability and accuracy.