糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病严重并发症之一，发病机制复杂，目前尚未完全阐明。代谢改变与表型关系密切，代谢组学分析可以提示细胞、组织或器官的生化状态。随着代谢组学技术的更新和检测灵敏度的提高，可检测出的差异代谢物逐渐丰富。因此，代谢组学逐渐成为探讨DR发病机制和治疗药物筛选的有力工具。DR代谢组学研究仍处于起步阶段，多以玻璃体液、房水和血浆为样本，以磷酸戊糖途径、精氨酸-脯氨酸途径和抗坏血酸途径为主要研究途径，需要进一步的研究探索DR的发病机制、诊断和治疗方法，并确定其与疾病的纵向关联。本文就DR相关动物模型以及DR患者玻璃体液、房水和血浆代谢组学研究进行综述。“,”Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the serious complications of diabetes, and its complex pathogenesis has not been completely clarified yet.Metabolic changes are closely related to phenotypes and metabolomics analysis can indicate the biochemical status of cells, tissues or organs.With the renewal of metabolomics technology and the improvement of detection sensitivity, more differential metabolites have been detected.Therefore, metabolomics has gradually become a powerful tool to explore the pathogenesis of DR and the therapeutic potential of drugs for DR.Metabolomics study in DR is still in its infancy, which mainly takes vitreous humor, aqueous humor and plasma as samples with the pentose phosphate pathway, arginine and proline pathway and ascorbic acidic pathway as main research pathways.Further research is necessary to explore the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of DR, and to determine its longitudinal association with the disease.Metabolomics studies related to the animal model of DR and the vitreous humor, aqueous humor and plasma of DR patients were reviewed in this article.