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局部麻醉是临床治疗和实验研究中常用的方法之一。关于维金斯基的麻醉理论“间生态”学说过去曾有肯定的评价,近年来在苏联它仍是关于抑制和麻醉的重要理论。本工作通过实验研究对该学说进行再评价,实验结果如下:1.应用感应电刺激不麻醉的蟾蜍坐骨神经腓肠肌标本时,由于感应圈高频振荡的抑制作用,也能产生类似“间生态”的现象。①单个感应电震的通电和断电刺激效应随刺激强度增加而不同:弱刺激时断电刺激效应大于通电;中等强度时通电等于断电;强刺激时断电小于通电。如在原电路中并联200μF 以上的电容器以降低其频率,则断电均大于通电。②应用不同强度强直感应电刺激神经时,虽不麻醉也能出现正常、均等和反常肌肉收缩现象。③强感应电刺激对神经有很强的抑制作用同时还有扩布现象。2.用0.5%可卡因局麻神经,当改变感应电刺激的频率和强度时,肌肉收缩的型式可随之任意改变。3.用方波电刺激以2%普鲁卡因局麻的神经,通过麻醉区的神经动作电位逐渐减弱以至消失,但不出现“间生态”现象。应用单一强度的方波连续刺激神经,局麻后动作电位均匀地下降,无波动现象。应用弱、中、强序列的方波刺激神经,动作电位均成比例下降,无均等或反常现象。上述结果提示:维金斯基的“间生态”现象乃是用感应电刺激时由于高频抑制和刺激强度不同所引起的人为现象,而不是神经在麻醉过程中所特有的时相变化。
Local anesthesia is one of the commonly used methods in clinical treatment and experimental research. There has been some positive appraisal of the doctrine of ecology between anesthesia in Wiggins and in recent years in the Soviet Union it remains an important theory of inhibition and anesthesia. This work re-evaluation of the doctrine by experimental research, the experimental results are as follows: 1. Induction of electrical stimulation of non-anesthetized toad sciatic nerve gastrocnemius specimens, due to induction ring high-frequency oscillation inhibition, can also produce similar “ecologically” phenomenon. (1) The power-on and power-off stimulus effects of a single induced shock are different with the increase of stimulus intensity: the power-off stimulus effect is weaker than the power when weak stimulus; the medium power when power is equal to the power; the strong power when the stimulus is less than the power. If the original circuit parallel 200μF capacitors to reduce its frequency, the power is greater than the power. ② application of different strength tonic induction of electrical stimulation, although not anesthetic can appear normal, equal and abnormal muscle contraction phenomenon. ③ strong sense of electrical stimulation on the nerve has a strong inhibitory effect as well as spreading the phenomenon. With 0.5% cocaine local anesthesia, when changing the frequency and intensity of electrical stimulation, the type of muscle contraction can be arbitrarily changed. 3. With square wave electrical stimulation to 2% procaine local anesthesia nerve, through the anesthesia area of nerve action potential gradually weakened or even disappear, but does not appear “between” phenomenon. The application of a single intensity square wave continuous stimulation of nerves, local anesthesia action potential decreased uniformly, no fluctuations. Application of weak, medium and strong sequence of square wave stimulation of nerves, the action potential decreased in proportion, no equal or abnormal phenomenon. The above results suggest that the phenomenon of “inter-ecological” in Wiginskii is due to the difference of high-frequency suppression and stimulation intensity induced by induction electrical stimulation, not the specific phase change of nerve during anesthesia.