砚不仅是一种磨墨和掭笔的文具,同时还融合了书法、续画和雕刻艺术的精华,是实用品和艺术品的结晶,是中华传统文化的产物。古往今来,它对传播中国文化、促进文学艺术的发展都发挥着重要的作用。砚的历史演变可大致分为六个阶段。一、砚前阶段有文字记载的砚的历史可追溯到汉代。汉刘熙的《释名》云:“砚,研也,研墨使和濡也”。汉许慎的《说文解字》亦载:“砚,石滑也”。又如梁吴均的《西京杂记》曰:“汉制,天子以玉为砚”。由此可见,在汉代,作为研墨器具的砚已规范化了,历史上讨论砚多追溯 Inkstone is not only a type of stationery made of rubbing and rubbing pen, but also the essence of calligraphy, painting and engraving. It is the crystallization of practical products and works of art and is the product of Chinese traditional culture. Throughout the ages, it has played an important role in spreading Chinese culture and promoting the development of literature and art. Yan historical evolution can be roughly divided into six stages. First, the inkstone recorded in the pre-Yan stage can be traced back to the Han Dynasty. Han Liu Xi’s “release name” cloud: “Yan, research also, research ink and moo too.” Han Xu Shen’s “Explain Word” also contains: “Yan, stone slide also.” Another example is Liang Wu are “miscellanies of Xijing” said: “Han system, emperor with jade as Yan.” Thus it can be seen that in the Han Dynasty, the inkstone as an ink researching device had been standardized. The historical discussion of inkstone tracing back