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本文先以历时性的方式考察了马克思在1857—1867这十年间为《资本论》写的四稿,从中梳理劳动力、剩余价值等诸范畴的建构过程;在此基础上,提出理论假设,认为“活劳动”是马克思整个“辩证运动”的基础范畴,资本的辩证逻辑运动始于“活劳动”与作为资本的“对象化劳动”的极端对立,马克思在《资本论》中的辩证工作就是从“活劳动”出发,展开“对象化劳动”的所有环节。作者试图通过这种对于马克思辩证话语的解读,指示出一条必须解构并重新建构马克思思想的可能道路。
This paper first investigates the four manuscripts written by Marx in “Capital Theory” from 1857 to 1867 in the diachronic way, and then constructs the construction process of various fields such as labor force and surplus value. On this basis, it puts forward the hypothesis that The “living work” is the basic category of Marx’s “dialectical movement.” The dialectical logic movement of capital begins with the extreme opposition between “living labor” and “labor as object” as capital. In “Capitalism ”The dialectical work is to start from “ living labor ”, expand “ object labor ”all links. Through this interpretation of Marx’s dialectical discourse, the author tries to point out a possible path that must be deconstructed and reconstructed Marx’s thought.