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虽然对于纳米金颗粒(AuNPs)和细胞相互作用的研究有着大量的报道,但是其结果常常是互相矛盾的。对其机理的研究更是十分的贫乏。这些研究中的一个核心问题,即AuNPs对生物体或细胞是有毒的还是有利于其生长的。虽然AuNPs在生物体内的作用远比体外的简单细胞反应要复杂得多,涉及到与生物体中多种组分的作用,从而引起极为不同的免疫反应、代谢机理等。但是在体外进行纳米颗粒的毒性和促进细胞生长相互作用的微观研究仍将为AuNPs在体内的作用提供十分重要的理论依据。本综述主要从AuNPs尺寸、表面电荷、颗粒聚集状态等方面介绍近年来关于AuNPs的细胞毒性和促细胞生长的体外研究结果,并对其作用机理进行初步的探讨。
Although there are numerous reports on the research of AuNPs and cell interactions, the results often contradict each other. The study of its mechanism is very poor. A central issue in these studies is whether AuNPs are toxic to organisms or cells or beneficial to their growth. Although the role of AuNPs in vivo is far more complex than simple cell responses in vitro, it involves many components of the organism and causes very different immune responses and metabolic mechanisms. However, in vitro microscopic studies on the interaction between nanoparticle toxicity and cell growth will provide a very important theoretical basis for the role of AuNPs in vivo. This review summarizes the results of in vitro studies on the cytotoxicity and cell growth of AuNPs in recent years in terms of AuNPs size, surface charge, and particle aggregation status. The mechanism of action is also discussed.