The traffic flow is interrelated to traffic congestion, the big traffic flow directly results in traffic congestion of some section. In this paper, on the basis of the research of overseas traffic accident, considering the characteristic of Chinese traffic, artificial neural network was used to predict traffic accident, and an improved BP artificial neural network model according with Chinese the situation of a country was proposed. The urban traffic flow prediction was simulated under the particular situation, the simulation result shows that the improved BP artificial neural network can fit the urban traffic flow prediction very well and have high performance. The current flow is interrelated to traffic congestion, the big traffic flow is interrelated to traffic congestion, the big traffic flow is interrelated to traffic congestion of some section. In this paper, on the basis of the research of overseas traffic accident, considering the characteristic of Chinese traffic, artificial neural network was used to predict traffic accident, and an improved BP artificial neural network model according with Chinese the situation of a country was proposed. The urban traffic flow prediction was simulated under the particular situation, the simulation result shows that the improved BP artificial neural network can fit the urban traffic flow prediction very well and have high performance.