论文部分内容阅读
检查零件表面缺陷的方法叫外观检验。过去的外观检验是全凭肉眼或放大镜观测。近年来在国外一些工业较发达的国家已经有了一些自动的外观检验仪器。我国不少单位在这方面也进行了大量的研究,而且取得了一定的成效。目前我国的很多产品,如钢球、圆柱销子、滚子;无线电元件里的瓷管;子弹的弹头、弹壳、底火,雷管的外壳,枪管、炮管;绕制弹簧的钢丝;光学透镜,纸,钢材;纺织品;各种镀层、涂层等均需要用人眼进行仔细的外观检查。可以说这项工作是各个生产部门遇到的普遍问题。所谓产品的外表缺陷,一般是指裂纹、孔隙、伤痕、夹杂物等。这些外表缺陷对产品的使用性能有很大的影响,例如轴承钢球上有缺陷就会大大影响轴承的工作能力,甚至会导致设备的毁坏。又如发动机上的活塞环、销、弹簧如果有缺陷就可能折断而造成严重的后果。至于弹壳、底火、雷管壳等军工产品的缺陷造成的后果就可能更严重,将会涉及贻误战机和战士的人身安全！
The method of checking the surface defects of parts is called visual inspection. The past appearance inspection is based entirely on the naked eye or a magnifying glass. In recent years in some foreign countries more developed countries already have some automatic appearance inspection equipment. Many units in our country have also conducted a great deal of research in this area and have achieved some success. At present, many products in our country, such as steel balls, cylindrical pins, rollers, porcelain tubes in radio components, bullet bullets, shell shells, bottom fire, shell of detonators, barrel and barrel, , Paper, steel; textiles; all kinds of coating, coating, etc. need to use the human eye for careful visual inspection. It can be said that this work is a common problem encountered in various production departments. The so-called appearance of the product defects, generally refers to cracks, pores, scars, inclusions and so on. These appearance defects have a significant impact on the performance of the product. For example, defects on the bearing steel ball will greatly affect the bearing’s working ability and may even cause the equipment to be destroyed. Another example is the engine piston rings, pins, springs if defective may break and have serious consequences. As for the shell, bottom fire, detonator shell and other military products, the consequences of the defect may be more serious, will involve bungling fighters and fighters personal safety!