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丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶(MAPK/ERK)信号传导通路在恶性肿瘤的发生和发展中有着重要的作用。其促进肿瘤生长的机制包括:促进肿瘤细胞增殖、抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡、促进肿瘤血管生成、诱导肿瘤组织侵袭等。MAPK/ERK信号传导通路有3个重要分子靶:Ras、Raf激酶及其MEK1/2和ERK1/2。理论上,干预Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK任何一种激酶都有可能阻止肿瘤的生长。因此,MAPK/ERK信号传导通路中某些关键信号元件的抑制剂成为近年来恶性肿瘤治疗中的一个新策略。同时,我们通过对近年相关文献的复习发现,某些刺激通过活化MAPK/ERK信号传导通路,可以激活下游的抑癌基因,进而导致肿瘤的生长抑制。所以,进一步完善MAPK/ERK信号通路在肿瘤治疗中的作用机制,将为肿瘤的治疗提供科学准确的思路。
Mitogen-activated protein kinase / extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK / ERK) signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. The mechanism of promoting tumor growth includes: promoting tumor cell proliferation, inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis, promoting tumor angiogenesis, inducing tumor tissue invasion and the like. MAPK / ERK signaling pathway has three important molecular targets: Ras, Raf kinase and its MEK1 / 2 and ERK1 / 2. In theory, any kind of kinase that intervenes Ras / Raf / MEK / ERK is likely to stop tumor growth. Therefore, inhibitors of some key signaling elements in the MAPK / ERK signaling pathway have become a new strategy in the treatment of malignant tumors in recent years. At the same time, we review the related literatures in recent years and found that some stimuli activate the downstream tumor suppressor genes by activating the MAPK / ERK signal transduction pathway, leading to the inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, to further improve MAPK / ERK signaling pathway in the treatment of cancer mechanism, will provide scientific and accurate treatment of cancer ideas.