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采用盆栽试验,在返青-抽穗期用不同的水分处理来影响冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)的根系,研究根系大小对籽粒产量和水分利用效率的影响.结果显示,到抽穗期,大根系处理小麦的根冠比显著大于小根系处理.两种水分条件下大根系处理小麦花期时的光合速率和根呼吸速率均显著高于小根系处理小麦,而花后干物质积累显著小于小根系处理小麦.在成熟期,两种水分条件下小根系处理小麦的籽粒产量均显著大于大根系处理小麦.而且,小根系处理还提高了小麦的水分利用效率,湿润、中度干旱条件下小根系处理小麦的水分利用效率分别比大根系处理小麦高33.91%和15.82%.因此,认为在干旱、半干旱区以群体产量为目标的小麦抗旱育种不应当选择根冠比大的品种.
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of root size on grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) by using different water treatments during the regreening-heading stage.The results showed that by heading stage, The crown ratio was significantly greater than that of the small root treatment.The photosynthetic rate and root respiration rate of the large root system under the two water treatments were significantly higher than those of the small root treatment and the dry matter accumulation after flowering was significantly less than that of the small root treatment.When mature The results showed that the grain yield of wheat with small root system was significantly higher than that of large root system under both moisture and moisture conditions.While the treatment with small root system also increased the water use efficiency of wheat and the water use efficiency of wheat with small root system under humid and medium drought conditions The efficiency is 33.91% and 15.82% higher than that of the big root system wheat.Therefore, it is considered that the drought resistance breeding of wheat which aims at the group output in the arid and semiarid areas should not select the varieties with large root / shoot ratio.