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探讨儿童乳糖吸收不良（ＬＭ）和不耐症（ＬＩ）发生率与年龄的关系。方法随机选择重庆地区汉族健康儿童１３８名，男７２名，女６６名，年龄为４个月～１２岁。用乙醇乳精耐量试验（ＬＴＴＥ）尿半乳糖（Ｕ－ｇａｌ）测定与症状反应评分（ＳＲＳ）进行评判。结果１３８名汉族儿童中ＬＭ和ＬＩ发生率：＜４岁、４～５岁、６～７岁、８～９岁、１０～１２岁分别为１０％、５０％、６９．６％、８７％和９１．７％。＜４岁组ＬＭ和ＬＩ发生率明显低于其他各组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。无症状反应者５７名（４１．３％），有症状反应者８１名（５８．７％），其中ＳＲＳ为１～５者７４名（９１．４％）。腹痛、腹泻、腹胀或排气增加的发生率分别为３８．４％、３２．６％、２２．５％，且均随ＳＲＳ的增加而增加。结论儿童ＬＭ和ＬＩ发生率随年龄增加而增加，ＬＭ和ＬＩ常见的症状反应为腹痛、腹泻和腹胀（或排气增加），其发生率随ＳＲＳ增加而增加。
To investigate the relationship between the incidence of lactose malabsorption (LM) and intolerance (LI) in children and their age. Methods A total of 138 healthy Han children in Chongqing were randomly selected, including 72 males and 66 females, aged 4 months to 12 years old. The alcoholic lactate tolerance test (LTTE) urine galactose (U-gal) determination and symptom response score (SRS) were evaluated. Results The incidence of LM and LI among 138 Han children was less than 4 years old, 4-5 years old, 6-7 years old, 8-9 years old and 10-12 years old respectively, 10%, 50%, 69.6%, 87% And 91.7%. The incidence of LM and LI was significantly lower in <4 years old group than in other groups (P <0.01). There were 57 (41.3%) asymptomatic responders and 81 (58.7%) symptomatic respondents, of whom 74 (91.4%) had SRS of 1-5. The incidence of abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension or increased exhaust were 38.4%, 32.6% and 22.5%, respectively, and both increased with the increase of SRS. Conclusions The prevalence of LM and LI in children increases with age. The common symptoms of LM and LI are abdominal pain, diarrhea and abdominal distension (or increased excretion of gas), and their incidence increases with the increase of SRS.