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目的了解长丰县手足口病学流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供流行病学依据。方法根据“传染病报告信息管理系统”长丰县2008~2014年手足口病疫情数据描述流行病学特征、病例重复感染情况以及病原学检测结果。结果 2008~2014年累计报告手足口病4 950例,重症病例共报告31例,死亡病例报告1例,实验室诊断病例183例。年均报告发病率90.93/10万,重复感染病例占1.05%。长丰县手足口病报告发病率从2008年的9.51/10万上升至2014年的152.06/10万。男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=164.31,P<0.01)。以4~7月发病最多,其次是11~12月;5岁以下儿童是易感人群,散居儿童发病为主;2008~2014年全县手足口病以工业园区和城乡结合部报告发病率较高。EV71病毒感染为主,重症病例病原构成以EV71为主,手足口病重复感染病例占1.05%,92.81%的重复感染病例发生在初次感染发病后24个月内。结论长丰县手足口病流行具有明显的季节性,5岁以下儿童易感和地区性多发特点,发病呈逐年上升趋势,可发生重复感染现象,EV71型感染是重要病原。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features of HFMD in Changfeng County and provide epidemiological evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods Based on epidemiological data of HFMD in Changfeng County from 2008 to 2014, the epidemiological characteristics, case repeated infections and etiological test results were described according to “Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System ”. Results A total of 4 950 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in 2008-2014. There were 31 cases of severe cases, 1 case of death and 183 cases of laboratory diagnosis. The annual average reported incidence of 90.93 / 100,000, repeated infections accounted for 1.05%. The reported incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changfeng County increased from 9.51 / 100,000 in 2008 to 152.06 / 100,000 in 2014. The incidence of males and females was significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 164.31, P <0.01). The incidence was highest in April to July, followed by that in November to December. Children under 5 years of age were predominant and the incidence of scattered children was dominant. From 2008 to 2014, the incidence of HFMD in industrial park and urban-rural combination high. EV71 virus infection, EV71 was the most common pathogen in severe cases, 1.05% was repeated hand-foot-mouth disease, and 92.81% of repeat infections occurred within 24 months after the initial infection. Conclusions The prevalence of hand, foot and mouth disease in Changfeng County is obviously seasonal. The children under 5 years of age are predisposed and have multiple regional features. The incidence is increasing year by year. Repeated infection may occur. EV71 infection is an important pathogen.