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以不依赖于培养的16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE技术,评价了石油污染对我国最大的石油污水灌区———沈抚灌区稻田土壤细菌遗传多样性的影响,并对微生物群落中的优势菌群进行了研究。结果表明,沈抚灌区土壤总石油烃(Total petroleum hydrocarbon,TPH)含量为277~5 213 mg kg-1干土,TPH在灌区干渠和支渠中的积累和分布趋势大体上是上游地区较严重,下游地区较轻,并且与土壤中有机质含量呈显著正相关(r=0.691,p<0.05)。在目前的污染程度下,石油污水能够刺激土壤好氧异养细菌(Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria,AHB)的生长,其数量与TPH含量呈显著正相关(r=0.928,p<0.001),而细菌遗传多样性与TPH含量呈显著负相关(r=-0.715,p=0.013)。DGGE图谱优势条带测序结果表明沈抚灌区土壤细菌群落中的优势菌群为变形细菌(Proteobacteria)β-亚群和γ-亚群的菌种,这些优势菌群的形成可能与石油烃的生物降解有关。
Based on 16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE, which is independent of culture, the influence of oil pollution on the bacterial genetic diversity of paddy soil in Shenfu irrigation area, the largest petroleum wastewater irrigation area in China, was evaluated and the dominant microflora in microbial community was evaluated Study. The results showed that total soil hydrocarbon (TPH) in the soil of Shenfu irrigation area was 277-521 mg kg-1 dry soil. The accumulation and distribution of TPH in the main canal and branch canal of the irrigation area were generally more serious in the upper reaches, The lower reaches were lighter and positively correlated with soil organic matter (r = 0.691, p <0.05). At current pollution levels, petroleum wastewater can stimulate the growth of soil aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (AHB). The quantity of TPH is positively correlated with the level of TPH (r = 0.928, p <0.001), while the bacterial genetic diversity Sex and TPH content was significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.715, p = 0.013). The results of DGGE bands showed that the dominant bacteria in the soil bacterial community in Shenfu irrigation area were the β-subpopulations and γ-subpopulations of Proteobacteria, which may be related to the formation of petroleum hydrocarbons Degradation related.