产品质量是设计质量和制造质量的总和.我们以往对生产过程的质量控制已做了不少工作,但对设计质量的研究和提高还不够重视.近年来,一些工业先进国家(例如日本)十分重视产品设计中的质量管理,并在理论和实践两方面都作出很大成绩.一般都认为,这是他们的产品在国际市场上具有强大竞争力的主要原因之一.本文作者王忠铭同志前年曾参加一机部“质量管理线内线外赴日考察团”,考察了日本产品设计开发的质量管理方法.一年多来,上海市第一机电工业局在所属工厂试点推广这一质量管理方法,取得一些初步成效,并决定从今年下半年起普遍培训骨干,全面推广.为此,本刊决定分几期连载这篇文章。以下几期的内容将包括正交设计、方差分析、信嗓比等设计开发质量管理应用的几种数理统计方法及其应用实例等.对于初次接触这一领域的读者,阅读本文可能会遇到一些困难,建议同时可阅读一些参考书籍,例如一机部科技情报研究所编:《质量管理教材》、上海科学技术出版社众:《正交试验设计法》等.读者有什么建议、问题或体会,请及时告诉我们. Product quality is the sum of design quality and manufacturing quality. We have done a lot of work on the quality control of the production process in the past, but we have not paid enough attention to the research and improvement of design quality. In recent years, some advanced industrial countries (such as Japan) Emphasis on quality management in product design, and made great achievements in both theory and practice. Generally speaking, this is one of the main reasons why their products have strong competitiveness in the international market. Comrade Wang Zhongming, the author of this article, had the year before last Participated in the “Quality Management Line Inside Outbound Japan Study Mission” of the First Machine Department and inspected the quality management methods of Japanese product design and development. Over the past year, Shanghai First Electromechanical Industry Bureau piloted this quality management method in its own factory. Some initial results have been achieved, and it has been decided that general training will be carried out from the second half of this year and promoted in a comprehensive manner. To this end, the Journal decided to serialize this article in several installments. The following issues will include several mathematical statistics methods for design and development of quality management applications such as orthogonal design, variance analysis, letter to ratio, and application examples. For readers who are new to this field, reading this article may encounter For some difficulties, it is advisable to read some reference books at the same time. For example, the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of the First Department: “Quality Management Materials”, Shanghai Science and Technology Publishing House: “Orthogonal Experimental Design Law”, etc. Readers have suggestions, questions or Experience, please tell us in time.