利尿药噻嗪类利尿药抗高血压的效果与排钠有关。此类药都可引起低血钾、高尿酸血症高血氨和高血糖,过敏性皮疹也较常见。由于所有噻嗪类利尿药的结构均与磺胺相似,因而对磺胺过敏的人,如使用本类利尿药出现过敏,就不能改用本类中的另一种。安体舒通是醛固酮竞争抑制剂,能排钠留钾,治疗高血压与噻嗪类药一样有效,副作用可有高血钾、嗜睡、腹泻、皮疹、男性乳腺增生等。氨苯蝶啶为醛固酮拮抗剂,有排钠留钾作用,抗高血压效果不恒定。但它与丢钾的利尿药联用,可防止钾的丧失,高血钾为其最严重的副作用。利尿药应作为降压的基础药。除个别病例外,应列入每个治疗方案之中。轻或中型高血压可能单用利尿药便可控制。因此,轻型或无合 Diuretic thiazide diuretics antihypertensive effect and sodium. Such drugs can cause hypokalemia, hyperuricemia hypernatremia and hyperglycemia, allergic skin rashes are also more common. Because all thiazide diuretics are structurally similar to sulfonamides, those who are allergic to sulfonamides can not switch to another one of this class if they develop allergies to their diuretics. Spironolactone is an aldosterone competition inhibitor, which can discharge sodium and potassium to treat hypertension as effectively as thiazide drugs. Side effects may include hyperkalemia, drowsiness, diarrhea, skin rash and male breast hyperplasia. Triamterene is an aldosterone antagonist, with row potassium retention effect, antihypertensive effect is not constant. However, it is used in conjunction with potassium diuretics to prevent the loss of potassium, hyperkalemia for its most serious side effects. Diuretics should be used as the basis for antihypertensive drugs. In addition to individual cases, should be included in each treatment program. Light or medium-sized hypertension may be controlled by diuretics alone. So light or not