关于近世中国社会发展根本趋向问题，学术界比较流行的表述是“近现代”．笔者认为这一表述并非恰当． 有关社会发展根本趋向的概念表述，应是对社会技术、经济和政治发展基本趋向的高度浓缩和完整概括。在近世中国，技术发展的基本趋向是从手工技术向机器技术变革；经济发展的 With regard to the fundamental tendency of social development in contemporary China, the more popular expression in academia is “modernity.” I think this statement is not appropriate. The concept expression of the fundamental trend of social development should be a highly condensed and complete summary of the basic trends in social technology, economy and political development. In modern China, the basic trend of technology development is from manual technology to machine technology change; economic development