自我国发明的杂交水稻问世以来,水稻产量提高了15～20%,为我国粮食增产作出了巨大贡献。杂交水稻是依靠品种间杂交的三系法,而今人们又期待着依靠品种的进一步改进与新方法能再增产20%。近些年,我国有两大资源的发现与育种方法的一大进步。两大资源的发现是光敏核不育的育种基础材料与广亲和材料。前者在不同日照条件下表现可育或不育,这就能将传统使用的三系法简化为两系法,这对简化繁殖和制种,提高制种质量与扩大交配选择的范围有重要的作用。后者则是对籼稻、粳稻作杂交都能表现出广泛的亲和能力。这二者结合起来就开辟了籼粳亚种间杂交代替品种间杂 Since the advent of hybrid rice invented in our country, the output of rice has increased by 15-20%, making a great contribution to increasing the grain output in our country. Hybrid rice is a three-line method that relies on crossbreeding among varieties. Nowadays, people expect to see a further 20% increase in relying on further improvement of varieties and new methods. In recent years, there have been two major advances in the discovery and breeding methods of our country. The discovery of two major resources is photosensitive nuclear sterile breeding base material and wide affinity materials. The former shows fertility or sterility under different sunshine conditions, which can simplify the traditional three-line method to two-line method, which is important for simplifying breeding and seed production, improving seed quality and expanding the range of mating options effect. The latter is indica rice, japonica hybrids can show a wide range of affinity. The combination of the two opens up the inter-subspecies hybridization between indica and japonica subspecies