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为深入理解纳米三氨基三硝基苯（TATB）炸药在不同贮存环境下的稳定性，设计了90 ℃，不同湿度（10%RH、50%RH和90%RH）以及低气压（200 Pa）等多种贮存环境条件，借助中子小角散射（SANS）、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼光谱（Raman）、红外光谱（IR）等表征技术，对不同温度、温湿度及低气压环境纳米TATB微结构演化规律进行了研究。实验结果表明，纳米TATB经45 ℃、60 ℃和71 ℃热老化后，其比表面积均明显下降，且老化温度越高下降趋势越显著并出现部分晶体颗粒长大；湿热极端环境（90 ℃，90%RH）则显著影响纳米TATB晶粒贮存稳定性，经短期（5天）贮存纳米TATB即出现显著的颗粒长大现象，尺寸约1~3 μm；纳米TATB经90 ℃低气压（200 Pa）环境贮存也出现晶粒长大并呈微米级片状结构；基于不同贮存环境条件的试验结果，分析了纳米TATB长大熟化机制，即纳米TATB表面能较高，在温度和湿度作用下部分TATB分子克服能垒，迁移、扩散并在晶粒表面重排长大。“,”To gain insights into the stability of nano TATB in different storage environments， aging conditions at 90 ℃， 10%RH， 50%RH， 90%RH and 200 Pa low atmospheric pressure were considered. The microstructure evolution of nano TATB was characterized by small angel neutron scattering （SANS）， scanning electron microscope （SEM）， X‑ray diffraction （XRD）， Raman spectroscopy （Raman） and infrared spectroscopy （IR）. Results show that the specific surface area of nano TATB decreases obviously after the thermal aging at 45 ℃， 60 ℃ and 71 ℃， and the higher the aging temperature， the more obvious the specific surface area decreases， accompanied by the growth of some crystal particles. The long‑term stability of nano TATB crystal particles is significantly affected by the extreme humidity and heat environment （90 ℃， 90% RH）. After short‑term storage （5 days）， the nano TATB particles grow up with the size of about 1-3 μm. The nano TATB particles also grow and form a micro flake structure after aging in a low pressure （200 Pa） environment at 90 ℃. Based on the experiment results， the growth and aging mechanism of nano TATB were discussed. The high surface energy of nano TATB facilitates TATB molecules overcoming the energy barrier， which results in the TATB molecules diffusion and rearrangement on the crystal surface and correspondingly leads to the grow‑up of particles.