盾构刀盘是盾构中最主要的掘进部件,针对不同地质条件选择不同的刀盘结构及刀具型式是盾构选型的关键。刀盘开口率、刀具型式及刀具的配置直接影响盾构施工掘进的效率。文章通过对土压平衡盾构和泥水平衡盾构在刀盘开口率、刀具型式及刀具布置等方面深入分析,探讨其对盾构整体掘进性能的影响。 Shield cutterhead shield is the most important excavation components, according to different geological conditions, choose a different cutterhead structure and tool type is the key to the selection of shield. Cutter opening rate, tool type and tool configuration directly affect the efficiency of shield tunneling. In this paper, the influences of the earth pressure balance shield and the mud-water balance shield on the cutter opening ratio, the tool type and the tool layout are analyzed in depth.