利用南海中南部8°～12°N,108°40′～114°E区域内获取的142个测站的表层沉积物样品的粒度和化学测试数据,对研究区沉积物的平均粒径变化趋势、常微量元素的分布以及不同海域的物源和沉积作用进行了研究和探讨。大多数元素在本区的分布趋势均有一定的规律,且与沉积物粒度有关。西部陆架陆坡、东南陆坡(南沙岛礁区)和深海盆区沉积环境、物源均有一定的差异。西部陆架陆坡以陆源碎屑组分为主,其次为钙质组分和硅质组分;东南陆坡以陆源碎屑和钙质组分为主;深海盆区影响因素较多,相对较重要的是陆源碎屑组分和粘土吸附组分、自生沉积组分,两者互为消长,其次为钙质组分和硅质组分。 The grain size and chemical test data of 142 sediment samples from 142 stations in the central and southern South China Sea at 8 ° ~ 12 ° N and 108 ° 40 ~ 114 ° E were used to analyze the trend of sediment average grain size in the study area , The distribution of trace elements and the origin and sedimentation of different sea areas were studied and discussed. The distribution trend of most elements in this area has certain regularity, which is related to sediment grain size. There are some differences in sedimentary environment and provenance in the western continental shelf slope, the southeast slope (Nansha Island Reef) and the deep-sea basin. The continental shelf continental slope is dominated by terrigenous detrital components, followed by the calcareous and siliceous components. The southeast slope is dominated by terrigenous clastic and calcareous components. There are many influential factors in the deep-sea basin, Is the terrigenous clastic component and the clay adsorbed component and the self-generated deposition component, both of which expelled each other, followed by the calcareous component and the siliceous component.