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目的 探讨同种异体肝移植术后真菌感染的临床特点及其发生的相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析19例进行同种异体肝移植术围术期发生真菌感染患者的临床资料,分析患者真菌感染的病原菌特点及相关危险因素.结果 同种异体肝移植术围手术期真菌感染发生率为6. 4％(19例/298例).19例真菌感染患者均为单一真菌感染,其中肺部感染4例,腹腔感染15例.最常见的真菌依次是白念珠菌、热带念珠菌和光滑念珠菌.多因素分析结果显示,患者的术前终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分和急性排斥反应是术后真菌感染的独立危险因素(均P <0. 05).结论 真菌感染是同种异体肝移植术后常见并发症之一,患者的术前MELD评分和术后早期是否发生急性排斥反应是发生真菌感染的独立危险因素.“,”Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of early fungal infection in the patients after allograft liver transplantation. Methods We have retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 19 patients with fungal infection in perioperative stage of liver allograft transplantation, analyzed pathogenic characteristics and related risk factors of fungal infection in patients. Results In our research, perioperative fungal infection rate of allograft liver transplantation was 6. 4％ (19 cases/298 cases) . All of fungal infection patients were single fungal infection, including 4 cases of pulmonary fungal infection and 15 cases of abdominal fungal infection. The most common pathogenic bacterias of fungal infection were Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata. Multivariate analysis showed that model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and acute rejection were independent risk factors of fungal infection (all P < 0. 05) . Conclusion Fungal infection is a common complication after allograft liver transplantation. MELD score and acute rejection may be the independent risk factors of fungal infection.