本文用对比试验的方法研究了W18Cr4V钢棒材内部缺陷的性质及与冶金因素的关系,发现了缺陷在热加工过程中的变化规律,初步提出了防止此类缺陷产生的技术措施,有效地降低缺陷废品率1％以上。结果表明:较大的缺陷以裂纹或空洞为主,小缺陷为低倍氧化物夹杂。缺陷随着钢锭铸态组织偏析程度的改善和锻压比的增加而减少。 In this paper, the relationship between the internal defects of W18Cr4V steel bars and the metallurgical factors was studied by means of the comparative test. The variation regularity of the defects in the hot working process was found. The technical measures to prevent such defects were preliminarily put forward, Defective scrap rate of 1% or more. The results show that the major defects are cracks or voids and the minor defects are low-times oxide inclusions. Defects with the degree of ingot as-cast microstructure segregation improvement and increase the forging ratio decreases.